Differences between ecosystem and biome

Ecosystems are highly complex biological systems , which encompass each and every one of the different interactions between living beings and the environment in which they live.

Thus, in the study of ecosystems it is possible to know both the intraspecific relationships (between individuals of the same species), and the interspecific relationships (between individuals of different species), in addition to those relationships that living beings establish with the rest of their species. environment, that is, with natural resources and the different sources of energy that the ecosystem itself provides them to survive.

You can delve into this topic with these two AgroCorrn articles about What is an ecosystem and What are the components of an ecosystem .

Now that we know what ecosystems consist of, in the next section we will see the definition of biomes, to be able to easily distinguish between both ecological concepts.

The simplest definition of biome frames them as a set of ecosystems located in a certain biogeographic area of the planet, in which certain well-defined environmental and ecological characteristics exist.

Coming from the Greek “bios” (life), the term biome is defined from the species of living beings (plants, animals, fungi and microorganisms) that predominate in an area delimited by very specific climatic characteristics. In this way, through the study of biomes, we can know the characteristic biodiversity of each region of the Earth, since they share the same climate, as well as the same flora and fauna.

We advise you to read these other articles on What are biomes, their types and examples and Types of terrestrial biomes .

In the next section we will see in detail what are the main differences between both concepts, ecosystems and biomes, now that we already know the exact definition of each of them.

The main difference between ecosystems and biomes is determined by the fact that biomes are made up of ecosystems . As we have observed in the previous definitions of both concepts, the biome includes the biodiversity and climatic characteristics of a specific region of the planet, in which, therefore, there are different ecosystems, each of them with different biotic interactions and abiotic.

Let’s put some more specific differences between ecosystem and biome to better understand it:

• The components of an ecosystem are biotic (living beings) and abiotic (physical and chemical elements without life, such as soil, humidity and water), and are marked by well-defined relationships between them, while the case of biomes , the climate factor and the biodiversity factor that compose it define a specific region, but their relationships are not studied or interpreted in them.
• The types of ecosystems that exist are: terrestrial, aquatic, mixed, air-ground, artificial or non-natural, that is, modified by anthropic action.
• On the other hand, the classification of biomes is broader and receives very specific names, due, as we have commented previously, to the biogeographic region in which it is found. Thus, according to Heinrich Walter’s classification, we can differentiate 9 major world biomes: equatorial, tropical, subtropical, Mediterranean, warm temperate, nemoral, continental, boreal and polar.
• On the other hand, it should be noted how in many studies and articles on the world’s biomes, ecologists and other specialists use different names to refer to them, such as biotic areas or bioclimatic landscapes; while ecosystems are exclusively named as ecosystems.

If you want to read more articles similar to Differences between ecosystem and biome , we recommend that you enter our Ecosystems category .